A comprehensive system leveraging mobile and RFID technologies. aggregation middleware and an aggregated charge-scheduling algorithm that effectively schedules charging and V2G operations for cost savings and peak load reduction has been presented. Intelligently scheduled charging yields a cost savings of 7% for enterprise commuters and 10% for drivers with variable schedule and charging requirements. Peak load can be reduced by 46% for enterprise commuters and 56% for drivers with variable schedules and charging requirements. V2G services that utilise vehicles’ idle time. when they are parked but not charging. can generate a net profit for the parking garage operator. A maximum profit of 11.7 cents per vehicle was determined to be achievable for vehicles under the variable scenario and 5.6 cents per vehicle for enterprise commuters. The proposed system would be well suited for implementation in an enterprise environment where a large number of EVs could be aggregated to substantially impact peak load alleviation and act as a significant energy resource.
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