In this study the geometrical optimization of monolithically integrated solar cells into serially connected solar modules is reported. Based on the experimental determination of electrodes0 sheet and intermittent contact resistances. the overall series resistance of individual solar cells and interconnected solar modules is calculated. Taking a constant photocurrent generation density …

A primary cause of the spikes has been rising production and concerns that demand will outpace supply.

This paper presents a 24 hour ahead microgrid power planning using the approach of unit commitment by dynamic programming. The studied system comprises twelve PVbased active generators with embedded storage and three micro gas turbines. Based on the prediction of the energy available from the PV generator. the storage availability. …

Glendronach is a significant discovery for Total.

Oil prices jumped 2 per cent as US sanctions restricted Iranian crude exports.

Decentralized electricity generation by renewable energy sources offer greater security of supply for consumers while respecting the environment. But the random nature of these sources requires us to develop sizing rules and use these systems to exploit them. This paper proposes an integrated PV wind hybrid system optimization model. which …

This paper presents a method to operate a grid connected hybrid system. The hybrid system composed of a Photovoltaic (PV) array and a Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is considered. The PV array normally uses a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique to continuously deliver the highest power to …

Earlier. Putin announced Russia'.s readiness to fund Nord Stream 2 in the event of the U.S. sanctions.

The last time Iran was the subject of sanctions. Japan curbed its imports of Iranian crude.

This paper proposes a method of modeling and simulation of photovoltaic arrays. The main objective is to find the parameters of the nonlinear I–V equation by adjusting the curve at three points: open circuit. maximum power. and short circuit. Given these three points. which are provided by all commercial array …