Tripoli was shaken by clashes between rival armed groups at the beginning of this month.

This book presents methods for optimising the spatial and network configuration of solar radiation measuring stations. Various physical and mathematical models are demonstrated. which together with high quality measurements. provide the essential tools to generate and validate solar resource estimates to improve the mapping of solar resources.   Each chapter …

In this work. a collection of modeling advances was employed within an EPS-MAS wind farm optimization algorithm to help approach real-world applicability in resulting turbine layouts and turbine geometries. These modelsdincluding an extrapolation of the NRELWind Cost and Scaling Model and means to accommodate both partial wake interaction and wind …

This paper reviews the research of dynamic equivalent modeling for the wind farm in details. It analyzes the characteristic and application status for the single machine representation method and multi machine representation method. The current research has carried out a lot of works in the field of dynamic equivalent modeling …

A promising architecture to detect bearing failures in wind-turbine gearboxes has been presented that comprises a combination of angular resampling for vibration analysis. monitoring of the wind-turbine power output and data-mining techniques for the classification task. To overcome the lack of datasets with a wide range of conditions of loads …

In this paper. the authors first investigate the effects of using different hub height wind turbines in a small onshore wind farm with nested GA. The GA parameters are first validated through pretest and comparison with previous research results. Three case studies are conducte d by comparing wind farms using …

The prospective phase is envisaged to produce 12 million liters of Euro-5 gasoline and diesel.

Nanofluids are advanced fluids containing nano-sized particles that have emerged during the last two decades. Nanofluids are used to improve system performance in many thermal engineering systems. This paper presented a review of the applications of nano- fluids in solar thermal engineering. The experimental and numerical studies for solar collectors …

OPEC. Russia and other non-members agreed in June to return to 100 per cent compliance with oil output cuts that began in January 2017.

Russia'.s Yamal LNG plant has offered cargoes for winter delivery to Asia.