Gas

The US national security advisor presented several solutions for the EU and Ukraine to reduce their dependency on Russian gas.

The Netherlands is building a conversion plant to make high-calorific foreign gas suitable for use in Dutch systems.

Ethanol fuel will also be developed in a measured way in part to consume excess grain stock.

Putin and German Chancellor Angela Merkel agreed that the Nord Stream 2 project must not be politicized.

Russia is building the Nord (North) Stream 2 gas pipeline by linking Russia and Germany via the Baltic seabed.

The project has seen strong opposition from the European Commission as increasing EU'.s dependence on Russian gas and undermining Ukrainian transit.

This consortium has the backing of major Japanese energy firms Marubeni Corp and JERA. which is the world’s largest buyer of LNG.

In early July. US President Donald Trump announced that the Nord Stream-2 gas pipeline would make Germany ``hostage`` to Russia.

Poland buys most of the gas it consumes from Russia but has taken steps to reduce that reliance.

CNPC has now a 30 percent stake. while PetroPars holds the remaining 19.9 percent.