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Reliability assessment tools are of crucial importance for planning and modernisation of distribution power systems. In recent years there has been an increased deployment of renewable energy. distributed generation. energy storage. electric vehicle. protection device automation and demand response schemes in the distribution networks. All these technologies contribute in their own way to network reliability. The objective of this paper is to provide a critical survey of the reliability assessment techniques used for the evaluation of distribution networks. emphasising the importance of an increased penetration of distributed energy resources and a more widespread application of control. protection and communication technologies. A detailed analysis and a comparison between different techniques and models used for the reliability assessment will be provided for each technology along with the guidelines for their application. A case study will be used to demonstrate the properties and the modelling procedure of the reliability assessment tools for modern distribution networks.
The introduction of new technologies in modern distribution networks (DG. energy storage. microgrids. demand response. electric vehicle. automated protection devices) opens up new opportunities to improve the reliability. In this paper a survey of the techniques proposed for the reliability assessment of distribution networks was presented. The modelling requirements and the properties of the methodologies in the field were compared and critically reviewed for each technology. In addition. a case study was introduced to illustrate the modelling procedure of reliability assessment techniques as well as the comparison of the results computed by the modelled techniques. The survey provides the state-of-the-art in the topic and the necessary details for the implementation of the reliability assessment techniques.
From a general point of view. the survey presented the intensive research efforts focused on modelling the features. complexities and uncertainties necessary for the reliability assessment of distribution networks. In this sense. the publications have paid significant attention to the stochastic nature of aspects like the variability of load and generation. the performance of energy storage. the estimation of demand response capacity and the opportunities introduced by electric vehicles.
Research in the field has also been focused on operational aspects of modern distribution networks. Intentional islanding and microgrids has been identified as a promising opportunity to improve the reliability of supply. To assess the reliability under this operating mode. adequacy evaluation of generation and load is the core criteria considered by the techniques. Consequently. all those factors that influence the adequacy of the island have to be considered in the assessment
